Morphology
Morphological characters follows terminology from: Carpenter and Cumming 1985, Yamane 1990, Buck et al. 2008 and Garcete-Barrett 2011.
Diagnostic characters for family Vespidae
- Inner margin of eye emarginated.
- Forewings folded longitudinally when at rest (except Stenogastrinae).
- Forewing with discoidal cell I at least as long as submedial cell.
- Posterolateral apex of pronotum reaching anterior margin of tegula.
- Parameres in male genitalia with apical spines.
